Abstract
We evaluated condition-normalized ranking for electrocatalytic screening under 46% current-density variation. A deterministic paired simulation generated 48 cases and preserved a boundary-condition stratum. Mean selectivity score changed from 0.559 to 0.599; the paired difference was +0.040 (95% interval +0.038 to +0.043). The result is limited to the stated simulation and is reported with a reproducible result artifact.
References
Xia, F., Li, B., Liu, Y., Tan, H., An, B., Gao, S., Marks, T.-J., & Cheng, Y. (2024). Critical Roles of Chalcogenide Anion on Strengthening Stability of Ni 2 Mo 6 Te 8 for Almost Exclusive Electrocatalysts Nitrate to Ammonia Conversion. Advanced Functional Materials, 34(14), 2312079. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202312079
zhao, J., Song, X. S., Jiao, D., & Liu, S. (2026). CeOx-Integrated Cu Dual Active Sites for Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6843032
Zhou, F., & Sun, C. (2022). Nitrate-to-Ammonia Conversion on Ru/Ni Hydroxide Hybrid through Zinc-Nitrate Fuel Cell. Small, 18(21), 2200436. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202200436
Powar, N., & Banerjee, P. (2025). Sodium Substitution Effects on Ammonia Selectivity of Cu₃N Nanocrystals for Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction. https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv-2025-3zqxg
Zhang, G. (2024). Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv-2024-0zncc
Zhang, S., Zha, Y., Ye, Y., Li, K., Lin, Y., Zheng, L., Wang, G., Zhang, Y., Yin, H., Shi, T., & Zhang, H. (2024). Oxygen-Coordinated Single Mn Sites for Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia. Nano-Micro Letters, 16(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01217-z
Wang, T., Zhao, Y., Setzler, B. P., & Yan, Y. (2021). Improving Performance and Durability of Low Temperature Direct Ammonia Fuel Cells: Effect of Backpressure and Oxygen Reduction Catalysts. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 168(1), 014507. https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/abdcca
Li, J., Li, Y., Tan, Y., zhang, M., Hu, J., Chen, Z., Ma, Y., Qu, Y., & Su, L. (2023). Improved nitrate-to-ammonia electrocatalysis through hydrogen poisoning effects. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3523332/v1
Zelenay, P. (2018). (Keynote) The Progress and Challenges in Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis without Precious Metals. ECS Meeting Abstracts, MA2018-01(37), 2185-2185. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2018-01/37/2185
Zhao, K., Sun, Y., Yang, X., Pu, J., Shi, Y., Chen, P., Yang, J., & Yu, F. (2026). Nonmetallic Si Doping Constructs Cu 2 O/Co-O-Si Tandem Sites for Neutral Nitrate Reduction Electrocatalysis Toward Ammonia Recovery and Energy-Integrated Applications. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, e9522099. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.9522099
